Definition
Abusive 302 redirect refers to the manipulative use of HTTP 302 (temporary) redirections for ranking manipulation purposes. Historically, '302 hijacking' was a technique where site A redirected via 302 to site B, which could cause Google to display site A's URL in its results while showing site B's content, effectively 'stealing' a competitor's ranking. While Google has largely corrected this issue, other abusive uses persist: using 302s instead of 301s to avoid transferring PageRank during URL changes, chains of 302 redirects to mask the final destination, and conditional 302 redirects (redirect cloaking) that redirect users but not bots. Best practices are simple: use 301 for permanent redirects and 302 only for genuinely temporary redirects (maintenance, A/B tests, temporary geographic redirects). Google now treats long-standing 302s as 301s, but deliberately abusive use remains penalizable.
Key Points
- Manipulative use of 302 redirects to hijack ranking or PageRank
- Historic '302 hijacking' allowed stealing a competitor's content ranking
- Google now treats long-standing 302s as 301s to limit abuse
Practical Examples
Classic 302 hijacking
A URL redirection site creates 302 links to competitor pages. Google indexes the redirection site's URL with the competitor's content, allowing the manipulator to appear in results for competitive queries.
302 instead of 301 on migration
During a domain migration, a webmaster intentionally uses 302s instead of 301s to try to keep PageRank on the old domain while serving new content. Google detects the anomaly and treats the 302s as 301s after several months.
Frequently Asked Questions
A 302 is appropriate for genuinely temporary redirects: server maintenance, A/B tests, temporary geographic redirects, or time-limited promotions. For any permanent URL change, always use a 301.
No, a 302 used by mistake instead of a 301 will not result in a penalty. Google will simply treat the long-standing 302 as a 301. The penalty concerns only deliberately manipulative use of 302s.
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Last updated: 2026-02-07